Factors Influencing Outcomes in Cultivated Limbal Epithelial Transplantation for Chronic Cicatricial Ocular Surface Disorders

Purpose

To analyze factors influencing clinical outcomes in cultivated limbal epithelial transplantation (CLET).

Design

Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods

Twenty-seven eyes of 27 patients that had CLET for severe chronic cicatricial ocular surface disorders were studied. Two different cultivation methods were used to prepare epithelial sheets. Method 1 used the explant technique and neither feeder cells nor air-lifting were used. In Method 2, cell suspension technique and 3T3 feeder cells were used, and air-lifting was applied after cultivated cells became confluent. Clinical outcomes including corneal surface epithelialization and incidence of postoperative complications were studied. The relationship between the clinical outcome and type of cultivation method, original diseases, tear function, or preoperative ocular surface status was also studied.

Results

Both cultivation methods produced transplantable epithelial sheets with corneal phenotype. With a mean follow-up period of 127 weeks, corneal epithelialization was achieved in 16 eyes (59.3%). Eyes that had CLET with Method 1 suffered more severe postoperative complications such as infection, ulceration, and perforation (P = .053). Eyes with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) had poor final corneal epithelialization compared with other diseases (P = .034). CLET was more successful when performed to conjunctivalized corneas compared with eyes with persistent epithelial defects or with dermalized corneas.

Conclusions

CLET offers new treatment modalities to chronic cicatricial ocular surface disorders with moderate success rates. The treatment is feasible for eyes with non–immune-mediated disorders with stable ocular surface conditions. Epithelial sheets with better structural integrity seem to be superior to obtain early postoperative epithelialization and to avoid serious postoperative complications.