Prognostic Factor Analysis in Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Retinal Detachment Attributable to Macular Hole in High Myopia: A Multicenter Study

Purpose

To detect the prognostic factors associated with initial reattachment after primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with gas tamponade for retinal detachment attributable to macular hole (MHRD).

Design

Retrospective, multicenter, interventional case series.

Methods

This study included 49 eyes of 48 patients with MHRD in high myopia (axial length more than 28.0 mm). All eyes underwent PPV with gas tamponade. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and performed univariate analysis to detect the presence of any difference between eyes with a successful initial reattachment and those that failed. We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the influence of each preoperative factor on initial success.

Results

Success rate of initial reattachment was 69%. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 34 eyes with initial success was significantly better than those of 15 eyes with initial failure (P < .05); preoperative BCVA was not significantly different (P = .43). The axial length of eyes with initial success (29.26 ± 0.94 mm) was shorter than that of eyes with initial failure (30.04 ± 1.49 mm) with borderline significance (P = .049). There were no significant differences noted for other factors such as use of ILM peeling (P = .43) or type of tamponade gas (P = .99). Multiple logistic regression analysis using preoperative factors indicated that only axial length was significantly associated with initial success (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.26 to 0.93; P < .05).

Conclusions

Initial reattachment is important for visual prognosis, and axial length is a prognostic factor for initial reattachment after PPV with gas tamponade for MHRD in high myopia.