American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 147, Issue 2 , Pages 234-238.e1 , February 2009

Liquid Nitrogen Cryotherapy of Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis

  • Frederick W. Fraunfelder

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationInquiries to Frederick W. Fraunfelder, Casey Eye Institute, 3375 SW Terwilliger Blvd, Portland, OR 97239

,Accepted 31 July 2008.

References 

  1. Cher I. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis: multifactorial mechanical pathogenesis. Clin Experiment Opthalmol. 2000;28:181–184
  2. Yokoi N, Komuro A, Maruyama K, Tsuzuki M, Miyajima S, Kinoshita S. New surgical treatment for superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis and its association with conjunctivochalasis. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003;135:303–308
  3. Nelson JD. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK). Eye. 1989;3:180–189
  4. Yang HY, Fujishima H, Toda I, Shimazaki J, Tsubota K. Lacrimal punctal occlusion for the treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997;124:80–87
  5. Goto E, Shimmura S, Shimazaki J, Tsubota K. Treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis by application of autologous serum. Cornea. 2001;20:807–810
  6. Perry HD, Doshi-Carnevale S, Donnenfeld ED, Kornstein HS. Topical cyclosporine A 0.5% as a possible new treatment for superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. 2003;110:1578–1581
  7. Udell IJ, Guidera AG, Madani-Becker J. Ketotifen fumarate treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Cornea. 2002;21:778–780
  8. Watson S, Tullo AB, Carley F. Treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis with a unilateral bandage contact lens. Br J Ophthalmol. 2002;86:485–486
  9. Grutzmacher RD, Foster RS, Feiler LS. Lodoxamide tromethamine treatment for superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1995;120:400–402
  10. Mackie IA. Management of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis with botulinum toxin. Eye. 1995;9:143–144
  11. Ohashi Y, Watanabe H, Kinoshita S, Hosotani H, Umemoto M, Manabe R. Vitamin A eye drops for superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1988;105:523–527
  12. Kadrmas EF, Bartley GB. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (A prognostic sign for severe Graves ophthalmopathy). Ophthalmology. 1995;102:1472–1475
  13. Shields JA, Shields CL, de Potter P. Surgical approach to conjunctival tumors (The 1994 Lynn B. McMahan Lecture). Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:808–815
  14. Eichler MD, Fraunfelder FT. Cryotherapy for conjunctival lymphoid tumors. Am J Ophthalmol. 1994;118:463–467
  15. Jakobiec FA, Rini FJ, Fraunfelder FT, Brownstein S. Cryotherapy for conjunctival primary acquired melanosis and malignant melanoma (Experience with 62 cases). Ophthalmology. 1988;95:1058–1070
  16. Fraunfelder FT, Wallace TR, Farris HE, et al. The role of cryosurgery in external ocular and periocular disease. Trans Sect Ophthalmol Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol. 1977;83:713–724
  17. Goldenberg-Cohen N, Bahar I, Ostashinski M, Lusky M, Weinberger D, Gaton DD. Cyclocryotherapy versus transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation for uncontrolled intraocular pressure. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2005;36:272–279
  18. Dobson V, Quinn GE, Summers CG, Hardy RJ, Tung B Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group. Visual acuity at 10 years in cryotherapy for retinopathy of prematurity study eyes: effect of retinal residua of retinopathy of prematurity. Arch Ophthalmol. 2006;124:199–202
  19. Veckeneer M, van Overdam K, Bouwens D, et al. Randomized clinical trial of cryotherapy versus laser photocoagulation for retinopexy in conventional retinal detachment surgery. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;132:343–347
  20. Fraunfelder FT, Zacarian SA, Wingfield DL, Limmer BL. Results of cryotherapy for eyelid malignancies. Am J Ophthalmol. 1984;97:184–188
  21. Fraunfelder FT, Petursson GJ. The use of liquid nitrogen cryospray for treatment of trichiasis. Ophthalmic Surg. 1979;10:42–46
  22. Elder MJ, Bernauer W. Cryotherapy for trichiasis in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. Br J Ophthalmol. 1994;78:769–771
  23. Wingfield DL, Fraunfelder FT. Possible complications secondary to cryotherapy. Ophthalmic Surg. 1979;10:47–55
  24. Tucker SM, Hurwitz JJ, Pavlin CJ, Howarth DJ, Nianiaris N. Scleral melt after cryotherapy for conjunctival melanoma. Ophthalmology. 1993;100:574–577
  25. Kuflik EG, Gage AA. The five-year cure rate achieved by cryosurgery for skin cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991;24:1002–1004
  26. Zacarian SA. Cryosurgery of cutaneous carcinomas (An 18-year study of 3,022 patients with 4,228 carcinomas). J Am Acad Dermatol. 1983;9:947–956
  27. Squazzi A, Bracco D. A historical account of the technical means used in cryotherapy. Minerva Med. 1974;65:3718
  28. Fraunfelder FT, Farris HE, Wallace TR. Cryosurgery for ocular and periocular lesions. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1977;3:422–427
  29. Sullivan JH. Cryosurgery in ophthalmic practice. Ophthalmic Surg. 1979;10:37–41
  30. Fraunfelder FT. Advances in ophthalmic cryosurgery. Ophthalmic Surg. 1979;10:19
  31. Elton RF. The appropriate use of liquid nitrogen. Prim Care. 1983;10:459–478
  32. Holt PJ. Cryotherapy for skin cancer: results over a 5-year period using liquid nitrogen spray cryosurgery. Br J Dermatol. 1988;119:231–240
  33. Fraunfelder FT, Zacarian SA, Limmer BL, Wingfield D. Cryosurgery for malignancies of the eyelid. Ophthalmology. 1980;87:461–465
  34. Kuflik EG, Gage AA. Recurrent basal cell carcinoma treated with cryosurgery. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;37:82–84
  35. Jaramillo-Ayerbe F. Cryosurgery in difficult to treat basal cell carcinoma. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39:223–229
  36. Fraunfelder FT, Wingfield D. Management of intraepithelial conjunctival tumors and squamous cell carcinomas. Am J Ophthalmol. 1983;95:359–363
  37. Fraunfelder FW, Fraunfelder FT. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy of a conjunctival vascular tumor. Cornea. 2005;24:116–117
  38. Fraunfelder FW. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy of advancing wavelike epitheliopathy. Cornea. 2006;25:196–198
  39. Wilson FM, Ostler HB. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 1986;26:99–112
  40. Udell IJ, Kenyon KR, Sawa M, Dohlman CH. Treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis by thermocauterization of the superior bulbar conjunctiva. Ophthalmology. 1986;93:162–166
  41. Wright P. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1972;92:555–560
  42. Corwin ME. Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1968;66:338–340
  43. Passons GA, Wood TO. Conjunctival resection for superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Ophthalmology. 1984;91:966–968
  44. Donshik PC, Kenyon KR, Sawa M, Dohlman CH. Conjunctival resection treatment and ultrastructural histopathology of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. Am J Ophthalmol. 1978;85:101–110

PII: S0002-9394(08)00616-8

doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.07.047

American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 147, Issue 2 , Pages 234-238.e1 , February 2009