American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 149, Issue 2 , Pages 341-346.e2 , 1 February 2010

Surgical Procedure for Correcting Globe Dislocation in Highly Myopic Strabismus

  • Makoto Yamaguchi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
    • Corresponding Author InformationInquiries to Makoto Yamaguchi, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Japan
  • ,
  • Tsuranu Yokoyama

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Children's Medical Center Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
  • ,
  • Kunihiko Shiraki

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan

,Accepted 28 August 2009.

References 

  1. Kaynak S, Durak I, Ozaksoy D, Canda T. Restrictive myopic myopathy: computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, echography, and histological findings. Br J Ophthalmol. 1994;78:414–415
  2. Mansour AM, Wang F, el-Baba F, Henkind P. Ocular complications in strabismus fixus convergens. Ophthalmologica. 1987;195:161–166
  3. Bagolini B, Tamburrelli C, Dickmann A, Colosimo C. Convergent strabismus fixus in high myopic patients. Doc Ophthalmol. 1990;74:309–320
  4. Taylor R, Whale K, Raines M. The heavy eye phenomenon: orthoptic and ophthalmic characteristics. Ger J Ophthalmol. 1995;4:252–255
  5. Kowal L, Troski M, Giford E. MRI in the heavy eye phenomenon. Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1994;22:125–126
  6. Sturm V, Menke MN, Chaloupka K, Landau K. Surgical treatment of myopic strabismus fixus: a graded approach. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008;246:1323–1329
  7. Hayashi T, Iwashige H, Maruo T. Clinical features and surgery for acquired progressive esotropia associated with severe myopia. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1999;77:66–71
  8. Krzizok TH, Kaufmann H, Traupe H. Elucidation of restrictive motility in high myopia by magnetic resonance imaging. Arch Ophthalmol. 1997;115:1019–1027
  9. Hugonnier R, Magnard P. Oculomotor disequilibrium observed in cases of severe myopia. Ann Ocul. 1969;202:713–724
  10. Duke-Elder S, Wybar KC. Strabismus fixus. In:  Duke-Elder S editors. System of Ophthalmology. Volume 6:London: Henry Kimpton; 1973;p. 607–608
  11. Aydin P, Kansu T, Sanac AS. High myopia causing bilateral abduction deficiency. J Clin Neuroophthalmol. 1992;12:163–165
  12. Demer JL, von Noorden GK. High myopia as an unusual cause of restrictive motility disturbance. Surv Ophthalmol. 1989;33:281–284
  13. Ohta M, Iwashige H, Hayashi T, Maruo T. Computed tomography findings in convergent strabismus fixus. Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi Soc. 1995;99:980–985
  14. Herzau V, Ioannakis K. Pathogenesis of eso- and hypotropia in high myopia. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 1996;208:33–36
  15. Krzizok TH, Schroeder BU. Measurement of recti eye muscle paths by magnetic resonance imaging in highly myopic and normal subjects. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999;40:2554–2560
  16. Nakagawa S, Kii T, Suzuki J, et al. 5 cases of strabismus fixus. Nippon Ganka Kiyo. 1989;40:656–662
  17. Krzizok TH, Kaufmann H, Traupe H. New approach in strabismus surgery in high myopia. Br J Ophthalmol. 1997;81:625–630
  18. Yamada M, Taniguchi S, Muroi T, Satofuka S, Nishina S. Rectus eye muscle paths after surgical correction of convergent strabismus fixus. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;134:630–632
  19. Yokoyama T, Tabuchi H, Ataka S, Shiraki K, Miki T, Mochizuki K. The mechanism of development in progressive esotropia with high myopia. In:  de Faber JT editors. Transactions of the 26th meeting of European Strabismological Association (Barcelona, Spain, September 2000). Lisse (Netherland): Swets & Zeitlinger Publishers; 2000;p. 218–221
  20. Aoki Y, Nishida Y, Hayashi O, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging measurements of extraocular muscle path shift and posterior eyeball prolapse from the muscle cone in acquired esotropia with high myopia. Am J Ophthalmol. 2003;136:482–489
  21. Miller JM, Robinson DA. Extraocular muscle sideslip and orbital geometry in monkeys. Vision Res. 1987;27:381–392
  22. Demer JL, Miller JM, Poukens V, Vinters HV, Glasgow BJ. Evidence for fibromuscular pulleys of the recti extraocular muscles. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1995;36:1225–1236
  23. Clark RA, Miller JM, Demer JL. Location and stability of rectus muscle pulleys (Muscle paths as a function of gaze). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997;38:227–240
  24. Oh SY, Clark RA, Velez F, Rosenbaum AL, Demer JL. Incomitant strabismus associated with instability of rectus pulleys. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:2169–2178
  25. Rutar T, Demer JL. Heavy Eye syndrome in the absence of high myopia: a connective tissue degeneration in elderly strabismic patients. J AAPOS. 2009;13:36–44

 See Accompanying Editorial on page 184.

PII: S0002-9394(09)00661-8

doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2009.08.035

American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 149, Issue 2 , Pages 341-346.e2 , 1 February 2010