American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 149, Issue 3 , Pages 488-495 , March 2010

Pattern Electroretinogram and Psychophysical Tests of Visual Function for Discriminating Between Healthy and Glaucoma Eyes

,Accepted 26 September 2009.

References 

  1. Weinreb RN, Khaw PT. Primary open-angle glaucoma. Lancet. 2004;363:1711–1720
  2. San Laureano J. When is glaucoma really glaucoma?. Clin Exp Optom. 2007;90:376–385
  3. Livingstone MS, Hubel DH. Psychophysical evidence for separate channels for the perception of form, color, movement, and depth. J Neurosci. 1987;7:3416–3468
  4. Anderson RS. The psychophysics of glaucoma: improving the structure/function relationship. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2006;25:79–97
  5. Racette L, Sample PA. Short-wavelength automated perimetry. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2003;16:227–236vi–vii
  6. Sample PA, Johnson CA, Haegerstrom-Portnoy G, Adams AJ. Optimum parameters for short-wavelength automated perimetry. J Glaucoma. 1996;5:375–383
  7. Sample PA, Weinreb RN. Color perimetry for assessment of primary open-angle glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1990;31:1869–1875
  8. Maddess T, Goldberg I, Dobinson J, Wine S, Welsh AH, James AC. Testing for glaucoma with the spatial frequency doubling illusion. Vision Res. 1999;39:4258–4273
  9. Racette L, Medeiros FA, Zangwill LM, Ng D, Weinreb RN, Sample PA. Diagnostic accuracy of the Matrix 24-2 and original N-30 frequency-doubling technology tests compared with standard automated perimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:954–960
  10. Anderson DR, Patella VM. Automated Static Perimetry 2nd ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 1999;
  11. Kutzko KE, Brito CF, Wall M. Effect of instructions on conventional automated perimetry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000;41:2006–2013
  12. Porciatti V, Ventura LM. Normative data for a user-friendly paradigm for pattern electroretinogram recording. Ophthalmology. 2004;111:161–168
  13. Ventura LM, Porciatti V, Ishida K, Feuer WJ, Parrish RK. Pattern electroretinogram abnormality and glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 2005;112:10–19
  14. Bowd C, Tafreshi A, Vizzeri G, Zangwill L, Sample P, Weinreb R. Repeatability of pattern electroretinogram measurements using a new paradigm optimized for glaucoma detection. J Glaucoma. 2009;18:437–443
  15. Fredette MJ, Anderson DR, Porciatti V, Feuer W. Reproducibility of pattern electroretinogram in glaucoma patients with a range of severity of disease with the new glaucoma paradigm. Ophthalmology. 2008;115:957–963
  16. Yang A, Swanson WH. A new pattern electroretinogram paradigm evaluated in terms of user friendliness and agreement with perimetry. Ophthalmology. 2007;114:671–679
  17. Vizzeri G, Tafreshi A, Weinreb RN, Bowd C. Effect of operator and optical defocus on the variability of pattern electroretinogram optimized for glaucoma detection (PERGLA). J Glaucoma. Forthcoming.
  18. Bengtsson B, Olsson J, Heijl A, Rootzen H. A new generation of algorithms for computerized threshold perimetry, SITA. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1997;75:368–375
  19. Anderson DR. Standard perimetry. Ophthalmol Clin North Am. 2003;16:205–212vi
  20. Turpin A, McKendrick AM, Johnson CA, Vingrys AJ. Performance of efficient test procedures for frequency-doubling technology perimetry in normal and glaucomatous eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002;43:709–715
  21. DeLong ER, DeLong DM, Clarke-Pearson DL. Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a nonparametric approach. Biometrics. 1988;44:837–845
  22. Landis JR, Koch GG. The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. Biometrics. 1977;33:159–174
  23. Artes PH, Chauhan BC. Longitudinal changes in the visual field and optic disc in glaucoma. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2005;24:333–354
  24. Trick GL. The pattern electroretinogram in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. In:  Heckenlively JR,  Arden GB editor. Principles and Practice of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press; 2006;p. 851–856
  25. Nesher R, Trick GL. The pattern electroretinogram in retinal and optic nerve disease (A quantitative comparison of the pattern of visual dysfunction). Doc Ophthalmol. 1991;77:225–235
  26. Bach M, Speidel-Fiaux A. Pattern electroretinogram in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Doc Ophthalmol. 1989;73:173–181
  27. Bowd C, Vizzeri G, Tafreshi A, Zangwill LM, Sample PA, Weinreb RN. Diagnostic accuracy of pattern electroretinogram optimized for glaucoma detection. Ophthalmology. 2009;116:437–443
  28. Baseler HA, Sutter EE. M and P components of the VEP and their visual field distribution. Vision Res. 1997;37:675–690
  29. Baseler HA, Sutter EE, Klein SA, Carney T. The topography of visual evoked response properties across the visual field. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1994;90:65–81
  30. Sample PA, Medeiros FA, Racette L, et al. Identifying glaucomatous vision loss with visual-function-specific perimetry in the diagnostic innovations in glaucoma study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47:3381–3389
  31. Bayer AU, Maag KP, Erb C. Detection of optic neuropathy in glaucomatous eyes with normal standard visual fields using a test battery of short-wavelength automated perimetry and pattern electroretinography. Ophthalmology. 2002;109:1350–1361
  32. Dacey DM. Physiology, morphology and spatial densities of identified ganglion cell types in primate retina. Ciba Found Symp. 1994;184:12–28discussion 28–34, 63–70
  33. Johnson CA, Cioffi GA, Van Buskirk EM. Frequency doubling technology perimetry using a 24--2 stimulus presentation pattern. Optom Vis Sci. 1999;76:571–581
  34. Baker CL, Hess RR, Olsen BT, Zrenner E. Current source density analysis of linear and non-linear components of the primate electroretinogram. J Physiol. 1988;407:155–176
  35. Hood DC, Frishman LJ, Viswanathan S, Robson JG, Ahmed J. Evidence for a ganglion cell contribution to the primate electroretinogram (ERG): effects of TTX on the multifocal ERG in macaque. Vis Neurosci. 1999;16:411–416
  36. Mafei L, Fiorentini A. Electroretinographic responses to alternating gratings before and after section of the optic nerve. Science. 1981;211:953–955
  37. Maffei L, Fiorentini A, Bisti S, Hollander H. Pattern ERG in the monkey after section of the optic nerve. Exp Brain Res. 1985;59:423–425
  38. Tafreshi A, Sample PA, Liebmann JM, et al. Visual function-specific perimetry to identify glaucomatous visual loss using three different definitions of visual field abnormality. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009;50:1234–1240
  39. Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed.. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc; 1988;

PII: S0002-9394(09)00740-5

doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2009.09.027

American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 149, Issue 3 , Pages 488-495 , March 2010