American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 127, Issue 4 , Pages 393-402 , April 1999

Comparison of preservative-free bupivacaine vs lidocaine for intracameral anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial and in vitro analysis

  • Nicole J Anderson, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (Drs N.J. Anderson and Edelhauser)
    • ,
  • Rajiv Nath, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Drs. C.J. Anderson and Nath)
    • ,
  • C.Joseph Anderson, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (Drs. C.J. Anderson and Nath)
    • ,
  • Henry F Edelhauser, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (Drs N.J. Anderson and Edelhauser)
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests to Henry F. Edelhauser, PhD, Department of Ophthalmology, Emory Eye Center, Ste B2600, 1365B Clifton Rd, NE, Atlanta, Georgia 30322; fax: (404) 778-4143

,Accepted 23 October 1998.

References 

  1. Hamilton RC, Grizzard WS. Complications. In:  Gills JP,  Hustead RF,  Sanders DR editor. Ophthalmic anesthesia. Thorofare, New Jersey: Slack; 1993;p. 187–202
  2. Smith R. Cataract extraction without retrobulbar anesthetic injection. Br J Ophthalmol. 1990;74:205–207
  3. Redmond RM, Dallas NL. Extracapsular cataract extraction under local anesthesia without retrobulbar injection. Br J Ophthalmol. 1990;74:203–204
  4. Peterson WC, Yanoff M. Why retrobulbar anesthesia?. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 1990;88:136–147
  5. Anderson CJ. Subconjunctival anesthesia in cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1995;21:103–105
  6. Kershner RM. Topical anesthesia for small incision self sealing cataract surgery (a prospective evaluation of the first 100 patients). J Cataract Refract Surg. 1993;19:290–292
  7. Anderson CJ. Combined topical and subconjunctival anesthesia in cataract surgery. Ophthalmic Surg. 1995;26:205–208
  8. Anderson CJ. Circumferential perilimbal anesthesia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1996;22:1009–1012
  9. Gills JP, Cherchio M, Raanan MG. Unpreserved lidocaine to control discomfort during cataract surgery using topical anesthesia. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23:545–550
  10. Koch PS. Anterior chamber irrigation with unpreserved lidocaine 1% for anesthesia during cataract surgery. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1997;23:551–554
  11. Kim T, Holley GP, Jong HL, Broocker G, Edelhauser HF. The effects of intraocular lidocaine on the corneal endothelium. Ophthalmology. 1998;105:125–130
  12. McCarey BE, Edelhauser HF, Van Horn DL. Functional and structural changes in the corneal endothelium during in vitro perfusion. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1973;12:410–417
  13. Dikstein S, Maurice DM. The metabolic basis to the fluid pump in the cornea. J Physiol. 1972;221:29–41
  14. Means TL, Geroski DH, Hadley A, Lynn MJ, Edelhauser HF. Viability of human corneal endothelium following Optisol-GS storage. Arch Ophthalmol. 1995;113:805–809
  15. Gonnering R, Edelhauser HF, Van Horn DL, Durant W. The pH tolerance of rabbit and human corneal endothelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1979;18:374–388
  16. Anderson NJ, Kim T, Woods WD, Rudnick DE, Edelhauser HF. Intracameral anesthesia: in vitro iris and corneal uptake and washout of lidocaine HCl 1%. Arch Ophthalmol. Forthcoming.
  17. Smith RB, Everett WG. Physiology and pharmacology of local anesthetic agents. J Ocular Toxicology. 1986;58:35–59
  18. Covino BG. Pharmacology of local anaesthetic agents. Br J Anaesth. 1986;58:701–716
  19. Tucker GT. Pharmacokinetics of local anaesthetics. Br J Anaesth. 1986;58:717–731
  20. Judge AJ, Katayoun N, Lee D, Miller K. Corneal endothelial toxicity of topical anesthetics. Ophthalmology. 1997;104:1373–1379

☆ Supported in part by the National Eye Institute grants R01 EY00933 (Dr Edelhauser), P30 EY06360 (Dr Edelhauser), and T32 EY7092 (Dr Anderson and Dr Edelhauser), the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, and Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc, New York, New York.

PII: S0002-9394(98)00417-6

American Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume 127, Issue 4 , Pages 393-402 , April 1999

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